Дипломная работа — Волосы как объект судебно-химического исследования № 202377-1
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Дипломная работа — Волосы как объект судебно-химического исследования № 202377-1
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Оглавление
1. АНАТОМИЯ И ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ ВОЛОСА5
2.КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ ТИПОВ ВОЛОС7
3. СКОРОСТЬ РОСТА ВОЛОС9
4. ЦВЕТ ВОЛОС13
5.МЕХАНИЗМ ВКЛЮЧЕНИЯ ПРЕПАРАТА В СТРУКТУРУ ВОЛОСА14
6. ПОПАДАНИЕ ИЗ КРОВИ, КОЖНОГО САЛА И ПОТА16
7. ПОПАДАНИЕ В РЕЗУЛЬТАТЕ ВНЕШНЕГО ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ17
10. ПРОТОКОЛЫ СБОРА ОБРАЗЦОВ21
11. ПРОЦЕДУРА СБОРА24
12. НАРКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ТЕСТИРОВАНИЕ НА РАБОЧЕМ МЕСТЕ25
13. ПРЕСТУПНОСТЬ, СВЯЗАННАЯ С НАРКОТИКАМИ26
14. ПАТАЛОГОАНАТОМИЧЕСКОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ28
15. Материалы и методы29
15.1. Метод: жидкостная хроматография с тандемной масс-спектрометрией (ВЭЖХ/МС/МС)29
15.1.1. Основы пробоподготовки для анализатора Toxtyper™32
15.2. Метод газовой хроматографии с масс-селективным детектором (ГХ-МС).33
15.3. Пробоподгодовка волос для анализа34
16. Обсуждение34
Заключение37
Список литературы38
Введение
Основным преимуществом волос в качестве тест-матрицы является способность предоставлять анамнестические детали воздействия препарата на людей после хронического использования, а также возможность обнаруживать лекарственные средства в волосах после однократного воздействия [1]. В отличие от многих традиционных биологических образцов, собранных для токсикологических исследований, таких как кровь, моча или пероральная жидкость, препараты, включенные в матрицу волос, остаются относительно стабильными в течение многих месяцев или даже лет.
Из-за этих преимуществ образцы волос регулярно собираются и анализируются в рамках уголовных расследований (смертельные случаи, связанные с наркотиками, преступления, связанные с наркотиками (DFC), защита детей), а также с целью контроля злоупотребления наркотиками (программы реабилитации наркоманов, наркологическое тестирование на рабочем месте). Число лабораторий, предлагающих тестирование волос, продолжает расти, и несмотря на то, что в настоящее время не существует признанных стандартизованных методик, сообщается о важности соблюдения передовой практики в отрасли и признания внедрения международных стандартов качества (например, ISO/IEC 17025: 2005) для тех тестовых лабораторий, которые предоставляют эту услугу [2].
При постоянном росте чувствительности инструментария и признании важности валидации метода с приемлемыми пределами обнаружения основные проблемы, связанные с экспертными доказательствами, касающиеся тестирования волос, не являются результатом использования неподходящих методов тестирования, а чаще всего являются следствием завышенной интерпретации аналитических результатов.
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